•••••••••• Gi¨i Pulitzer ••••••••••


Gièi thiÎu:

Pulitzer l¡ gi¨i thõêng cao quû vË bŸo chÏ ê Hoa Kü. Gi¨i thõêng ½õìc cáng bâ h¡ng n¯m v¡o thŸng Tõ, chàn lúa ra 21 gi¨i trong sâ kho¨ng 2000 ½çn vÙ dú thi. Gi¨i thõêng ½õìc ½´t tÅn v¡ dúa v¡o û nguyÎn cða Joseph Pulitzer (1847-1911), áng l¡ ngõéi ½·u tiÅn kÅu gài ½Æn viÎc ½¡o t­o kû gi¨ ê trÖnh ½æ ½­i hàc v¡ trong mæt trõéng d­y vË ng¡nh bŸo chÏ h²n hoi. Mæt n¯m sau ng¡y áng m¶t, Columbia School of Journalism ½õìc th¡nh lºp v¡ gi¨i Pulitzer ½õìc trao l·n ½·u tiÅn v¡o n¯m 1917. Muân biÆt rß hçn vË lÙch sø gi¨i thõêng n¡y, tiÌu sø cða Joseph Pulizer, cŸch ch¶m gi¨i v¡ trao gi¨i h¡ng n¯m cïng vèi nhùng v¶n ½Ë khŸc cÜ liÅn hÎ, xin h¬y ½àc b¡i "Joseph Pulitzer and The Pulitzer Prizes" cða Seymour Topping, áng ½õìc bä nhiÎm chöc GiŸm ½âc cða Gi¨i Pulitzer v¡ GiŸo sõ ng¡nh BŸo chÏ quâc tÆ cða Graduate School of Journalism of Columbia University n¯m 1993. [ ½àc b¡i ] [9-18-00]

Ngay t÷ ½·u, gi¨i Pulitzer kháng ph¨i ch× bao gãm nhùng gi¨i thõêng cho riÅng ng¡nh bŸo chÏ. Theo di chîc cða Joseph Pulitzer viÆt n¯m 1904, áng muân thiÆt lºp bân gi¨i cho ng¡nh bŸo chÏ, bân gi¨i cho v¯n chõçng v¡ kÙch, mæt gi¨i cho giŸo dòc v¡ bân gi¨i hàc bäng du hàc. Theo vèi théi gian gi¨i thõêng n¡y ½õìc mê ræng thÅm ra lÅn ½Æn 21 gi¨i thõêng khŸc nhau. Gi¨i hÏ hàa ½õìc ½õa v¡o t÷ n¯m 1922, gi¨i nhiÆp ¨nh ch× cÜ t÷ n¯m 1942... B¡i viÆt cða Seymour Topping cho biÆt, ban ½iËu h¡nh gi¨i Pulitzer trong théi gian 83 n¯m qua l¡ mòc tiÅu cða nhiËu phÅ phŸn ½Æn t÷ mài phÏa trong quyÆt ½Ùnh lúa chàn trao gi¨i thõêng h¡ng n¯m vÖ tÏnh cŸch v¡ t·m quan tràng cða gi¨i n¡y. Ch²ng h­n nhõ trong n¯m 1941, ban giŸm kh¨o ½¬ t÷ châi trao gi¨i cho nh¡ v¯n Ernest Hemingway vèi tŸc ph¸m "For Whom the Bell Tolls" nhõng l­i trao gi¨i cho áng n¡y n¯m 1953 vèi tŸc ph¸m k¾m quan tràng hçn l¡ "The Old Man and the Sea."

Mæt danh sŸch ½·y ½ð cŸc gi¨i thõêng ½õìc trao t÷ n¯m 1917 ½Æn nay cÜ thÌ ½õìc tham kh¨o ê ½Ùa ch× n¡y: http://www.pulitzer.org/ Cñng ê ½µy, nhùng chi tiÆt cò thÌ, rß r¡ng cða t÷ng gi¨i ch× ½õìc cung c¶p kÌ t÷ n¯m 1995 trê vË sau.


2000

JOURNALISM

PUBLIC SERVICE Washington Post

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Eric Newhouse


George Dohrman


J.R. Moehringer


Paul A. Gigot


Henry Allen


John C. Bersia


Joel Pett


Carol Guzy

BREAKING NEWS
REPORTING
Denver Post Staff
of Denver Post

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INVESTIGATIVE
REPORTING
Sang-Hun Choe, Charles J. Hanley and Martha Mendoza
of Associated Press

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EXPLANATORY
REPORTING
Eric Newhouse
of Great Falls (MT) Tribune

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BEAT REPORTING George Dohrman
of St. Paul Pioneer Press

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NATIONAL REPORTING Wall Street Journal Staff
of Wall Street Journal

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INTERNATIONAL
REPORTING
Mark Schoofs
of Village Voice

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FEATURE WRITING J.R. Moehringer
of Los Angeles Times

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COMMENTARY Paul A. Gigot
of Wall Street Journal

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CRITICISM Henry Allen
of Washington Post

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EDITORIAL WRITING John C. Bersia
of Orlando Sentinel

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EDITORIAL
CARTOONING
Joel Pett
of Lexington (Ky.) Herald-Leader

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BREAKING NEWS
PHOTOGRAPHY
Denver Rocky Mountain News Photo Staff
of Denver Rocky Mountain News

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FEATURE PHOTOGRAPHY Carol Guzy, Michael Williamson and Lucian Perkins
of Washington Post

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LETTERS, DRAMA & MUSIC

FICTION Interpreter of Maladies
by Jhumpa Lahiri

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Jhumpa Lahiri


Donald Margulies


Stacy Schiff


C.K. Williams


John W. Dower

DRAMA Dinner with Friends
by Donald Margulies

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HISTORY Freedom from Fear: The American People in Depresion and War, 1929-1945
by David M. Kennedy

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BIOGRAPHY OR
AUTOBIOGRAPHY
Vera (Mrs. Vladimir Nabokov)
by Stacy Schiff

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POETRY Repair
by C.K. Williams

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GENERAL NON-FICTION Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II
by John W. Dower

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MUSIC Life is a Dream, Opera in  Three Acts: Act II, Convert Version
by Lewis Spratlan

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